Types and methods of use of refractories for aluminum smelting industrial furnaces
| 发布时间：2019.03.13 浏览次数： |
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The main thermal equipment for smelting aluminum includes a calcination sintering furnace, an electrolysis tank, and a melting furnace. The rotary kiln is usually lined with high-aluminum bricks, and other parts can be lining with clay bricks. The insulation layer is laid with a layer of refractory fiber felt near the furnace shell, and then a layer of lightweight brick or light is built. The refractory castable is watered.
The electrolytic cell tank shell is made of steel plate, and a heat insulating plate or refractory fiber felt is laid on the inner side of the tank shell, and then light brick or watering refractory castable is built, and then the clay brick is built to form a non-working layer.
The working layer of the electrolytic cell can only use carbon or silicon carbide refractories with good electrical conductivity to resist the penetration of aluminum melt and the erosion of fluoride electrolyte. In the past, the working layer of the cell wall of the electrolytic cell was generally made of carbon block. In recent years, some countries in Japan and Western Europe have built silicon carbide-bonded silicon carbide bricks, which has achieved good results.
The working layer of the bottom of the electrolytic cell is generally made of carbon block, the joint is small, and is filled with carbon paste to prevent the penetration of aluminum melt and enhance the conductivity.
The most common aluminum smelting equipment is the reverberatory furnace. The lining of aluminum melt is generally made of high-aluminum brick with Al2O3 content of 80%-85%. When smelting high-purity metal aluminum, mullite brick or corundum brick should be used. Some plants are constructed of silicon nitride-bonded silicon carbide bricks in areas such as hearth slopes and eroded and worn parts such as used aluminum. In the aluminum flow tank and the aluminum outlet, the aluminum melt is relatively heavy, and is usually made of self-bonding or silicon nitride-bonded silicon carbide bricks, and is also lined with zircon bricks. The plug of aluminum outlet is better, and the refractory fiber cone which is vacuum cast has better effect. The lining that does not touch the aluminum melt is generally made of clay brick #Clay refractory castable or refractory plastic. In order to speed up the smelting speed and save energy, lightweight bricks, lightweight refractory castables and refractory fiber products are commonly used as insulation layers.
Aluminum smelting induction crucible furnace is also a common equipment, and its inner lining is generally made of high-aluminum refractory castable or refractory ramming material with Al2O3 content of 70%-80%, and also lining with corundum refractory concrete.
The aluminum melt flows out of the aluminum outlet of the furnace through the aluminum flow tank. The groove lining is generally made of silicon carbide brick, and is also prefabricated with fused foamed silica sand. If the prefabricated block is used as the groove lining, the surface should be coated with fused silica sand or with high alumina cement fused foamed silica sand refractory castable as the protective layer.
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